Estimate :-
It is the probable cost of any project/ work with specified time & conditions.
Following are the various types of estimate:
1)Approximate estimate/Rough/ abstract estimate-
•It is used for the basic information of any project & failure financial planning.
2)Plinth Area Estimate-
• This method is based upon 2 dimensions (LxB) Mainly.
• It is the built up covered area.
3)Cube Rate estimate-
• this estimate is based upon cubical dimension (LxBxH) of the work.
• This method is much better as compared to previous method.
4)Detailed estimate-
• This is the most accurate method.
• It is generally occurred in 2 stages
1. Measurement of work/dimension.
2. Abstract of estimate with the help of prices.
Soling-
It is the process of making the base for concrete work/other work. by using layers of dry brick (Stones)
Brick size
Normal → 20x10x10 cm
Modular → 19x9x9 cm
Standard
Traditional
Non-std. ←23 x 11.5 x 7.6 cm
Field
Conventional
No of bricks used in
Edge soling = 1m2/0.23x0.076 (LxH)
Flat soling = 1m2/0.23x0.115 (LxB)
DPC – Damp proof course
Cement sand Aggregate
M10 1 : 3 : 6
M15 1 : 2 : 4
M20 1 : 1.5 : 3
M25 1 : 1 : 2
• DPC is measured in m2/Area
• It is used to prevent the moisture & provided at plinth level.
• The general thickness of DPC is about 2 to 2.5 cm. with suitable grade of concrete (M15 to m20) having Water repellent agent (bitumen etc)
Earth work
• Earth work is measured in m3
• If any valuable material found during excavation then it will be property of government of india.
• It the depth of excavation is less than 30cm then excavation will be surface/shallow excavation & it is measured in m2
• The general lead & lift in excavation is about 30m & 1.5m respectively.
• in foundation, we use lean/weak concrete.
Stone & Brick Work
• It is generally measured in m3
• if the thickness of wall is 10cm, then brick work is measured in m2
• Dressing of stone is measured in m2
Steel and Iron work
• Density of steel is 7850kg/m3
• generally amount of R/F (only in steel) is 0.6 to 1% of total RCC volume
• The weight of a steel bar per meter length is calculated be following formula -
d2/162 Kg/m
Where d = dia of bar in mm.
Plastering and pointing
• It is Measured in m2
• The thickness of plaster is about 12mm
• Following are the deduction conditions for the area of opening in the plaster work.
1)if the area of opening ➔ < 0.5 m2 ➔ No deduction
2)If the area of opening ➔ 0.5 - 3 m2 ➔ One side deduction
3)if the area of opening ➔ > 3m2 ➔ Both side deduction for the payment
Note:- 1) In RCC work, PCC work, R/F brick work are measured in m3
2)Jaali work, rolling shutter, plywood, net wiring, laminated board are measured in m2
3)Generally woodwork is measured in m3
Degree of accuracy in estimation
• Wood work should be measured to nearest 2mm.
• Weight should be measured to nearest 1kg or 0.001 Tonn
• thickness of slab should be measured to nearest ½ cm.
• Generally dimension should be measured to nearest .01m, Area – 0.01m2 & Volume – 0.01m3
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