- Water-Cement Ratio is Defined as the ratio by weight of water to the weight of cement expressed as percentage or a decimal fraction in cement-mortar or Cement Concrete.
- Water-Cement ratio is one of the important parameters which the strength of Concrete.
- In general the strength of concrete depends on the strength of cement paste and the strength of cement depends on the amount of cement in it.the more Dilute the paste, lesser the strength.
- The same thing was stated by Duff-Abraham in 1918 which is known as Duff-Abraham's Law.
Duff-Abraham's Law :-
The law State's, S = (A)/(B^x)
Where Constant A is 14000 pounds per Square inch and B is 7.
X = Water/cement ratio.
- Duff-Abraham's law states that the strength of concrete is only dependent upon water/cement ratio provided, that all other factors are identical & the mix is workable.
- from graph it is clear that at lower water cement ratio is used when concrete is vibrated to achieve strength while at higher water cement ratio concrete is to be compacted with hand.
- Thus lower the water cement ratio greater is the strength of concrete and its strength decreases as water cement ratio increases.
- It has been observe that 0.4 water cement ratio is just sufficient to hydrate each cement particle completely and the cement get formed during hydration of cement occupies space occupied by water.
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