What is Structure?
A combination of members connected together in such a way to serve a useful purpose is called structure.
Type of Structure:-
1)Sub Structure
2)Super Structure
Sub-Structure-Below the Ground level that type of structure is know as Sub Structure.
Ex.Foundation
Super Structure- Above the Ground level that type of Structure is know as Super Structure.
Ex.Column,Beam,Slab..etc
Type of Super Structure:-
On this basis, there are two types
- Load Bearing Structures.
- Framed Structures.
Load bearing Structure:-
In this type of structure, the load in the structure is moved vertically downward through walls. Loads from roof and floors get moved to wall and then the wall must transfer these loads as well as self-weight.
Such constructions are used in residential buildings in which the dimension of rooms is less. Residential buildings up to ground + 2 floors can be built economically with such structures.
Load bearing Structure type of construction does not favor toomany openings for windows, doors, ventilation etc., in the ground floor as required for show room etc., as the load bearing length of wall is considerably reduced.
Plans of the different floors must be the same. Very little changes are only possible between one floor and the one above.
Construction of a load bearing structure is cumbersome, particularly for earthquake resistant structures.
In case of a load bearing structure, large span areas are not possible. Limitation of span i.e. room sizes.
Framed Structure:-
In this type of structures, a framework of columns, beams, and floors is built first. Then the walls are built to partition the living area.
The walls are subjected to self-weight only. This type of super-structures is needed when a number of stories in a building are more and also when larger areas must be covered free from walls.
The space between column can remains as open space as the case with multi – storeyed residential flats where the ground floor is left with no walls for easy parking of vehicle.
Thickness of wall remains uniform, therefore the carpet area in any floor remains the same.
Construction of a framed structure is otherwise simple.
Generally, RCC framed structure is constructed first and the external as well as partition walls are constructed later, hence speed is more.
In case of a framed structure, large span areas are possible. No Limitation of span i.e. room sizes.
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